As we live our lives, brain wave activity is a constant occurrence.
Instruments developed to measure these functions reveal several
different types of brain waves which vary according to frequency
and amplitude. Research has shown significant differences
in the type of predominant brain waves found among children
and adults diagnosed with ADD. Specifically, people with
Attention Deficit Disorder are found to have more "slow" brain waves called "alpha" or "theta." Alpha and theta brain waves are associated with decreased arousal. Additionally, people with ADD have difficulty producing higher frequency or "beta" waves
associated with increased arousal, better concentration and
enhanced performance. Because they possess a decreased state
of brain arousal, children and adults with ADD are constantly
seeking outside stimuli making it difficult to remain focused
on any one task.
EEG biofeedback
Biofeedback techniques have long been used as a clinically
effective method for increasing awareness and improving levels
of physiological functioning. Electroencephalographic biofeedback
or EEG biofeedback uses computerized electronic measurement
devices placed on the surface of your head to monitor brain
wave activity. The computer "feeds back" to you important information relevant to ADD. Through guided techniques the patient is able to learn to significantly increase brain waves (beta) which are compatible with stronger attentional focus and enhanced mental performance. The patient learns to create "better" brain
waves automatically, a skill which quickly generalizes to
everyday life. EEG biofeedback has physiological effects
similar to those created by medication, but has no side effects,
is painless, and often provides long lasting results.
Therapy
Cognitive behavior therapy has been shown to be an important part of treating ADD in children and adults. Therapy often helps individuals acquire better organizational strategies, improving social skills and greater awareness of work habits. Through such methods individuals are able to improve work and school performance, as well as enhance interpersonal relationships.
Medication
Medication, such as ritalin, is a popular and often highly effective approach to stimulate brain activity or arousal, which allows for greater focus on individual tasks. Drawbacks of medication may include side effects and re-occurrence following discontinuation of use.
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